A Brief History of Atlanta

Atlanta, the capital of Georgia, boasts a rich and dynamic history that has made it a major cultural and economic hub of the southeastern United States.

Early Beginnings

Founded in 1837 at the terminus of the Western & Atlantic Railroad, the city was initially named “Terminus” due to its rail location. It was later renamed “Marthasville” in honor of Governor Wilson Lumpkin’s daughter and eventually became “Atlanta,” the feminine form of “Atlantic.” The city’s origin as a transportation nexus laid the foundation for its growth and significance. 

Civil War and Reconstruction

During the Civil War, Atlanta emerged as a strategic center for military supplies and transportation for the Confederacy. In 1864, Union General William T. Sherman captured the city and ordered its evacuation and burning, an event that left a lasting mark on Atlanta’s history. Despite the devastation, the city rapidly rebuilt during the Reconstruction era, symbolizing resilience and determination. 

Economic Expansion and the “New South”

Post-Reconstruction, Atlanta capitalized on its rail connections to become a commercial and industrial powerhouse. The city promoted itself as the epitome of the “New South,” focusing on diversified industry and moving away from an agrarian economy. This period saw significant growth in manufacturing, transportation, and commerce, solidifying Atlanta’s role as a regional economic leader. 

Civil Rights Movement

In the 20th century, Atlanta played a pivotal role in the Civil Rights Movement. It was home to prominent leaders like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and served as a center for activism and change. Institutions such as Morehouse College and Spelman College became breeding grounds for leaders and organizers who fought for equality and justice. The city’s commitment to civil rights has left an enduring legacy of progress and inclusion.